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feat: heuristic-based model routing for cost optimization#11272

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feat: heuristic-based model routing for cost optimization#11272
roomote[bot] wants to merge 2 commits intomainfrom
feature/model-routing-heuristic

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@roomote roomote bot commented Feb 6, 2026

This PR attempts to address Issue #11269 - Choose Model Dynamically Based on Request.

Summary

Adds an experimental, rule/heuristic-based model routing system that dynamically routes API calls to a lighter (cheaper) model when the task is in an information-gathering phase. This is the first iteration, focusing on simplicity as discussed in the issue comments.

How it works

  1. New experiment flag: modelRouting (disabled by default, opt-in via Experimental Settings)
  2. New setting: modelRoutingLightModelId - the model ID for the cheaper model (must be from the same provider)
  3. Heuristic: The ModelRouter tracks tool usage per API turn:
    • If the previous turn only used read group tools (read_file, list_files, search_files, codebase_search), the next API call uses the light model
    • If the previous turn used edit, command, browser, or MCP tools, the primary model is used
    • The first turn always uses the primary model
    • Always-available tools (ask_followup_question, update_todo_list, etc.) are tier-neutral and don't affect classification

Changes

File Description
packages/types/src/experiment.ts Add modelRouting experiment ID
packages/types/src/global-settings.ts Add modelRoutingLightModelId setting
packages/types/src/vscode-extension-host.ts Include new setting in ExtensionState
src/shared/experiments.ts Add MODEL_ROUTING experiment config
src/core/task/ModelRouter.ts New: Heuristic-based model router class
src/core/task/Task.ts Integrate ModelRouter into the task lifecycle
src/core/webview/ClineProvider.ts Surface new setting in getState()
src/shared/__tests__/experiments.spec.ts Update existing tests for new experiment
src/core/task/__tests__/ModelRouter.spec.ts New: 35 tests for ModelRouter

Design decisions aligned with issue discussion

  • Rule/heuristic-based (point 3): Simple rule-based approach for v1, no LLM classifier needed
  • Single provider (point 5): Light model must be from the same provider
  • Optional (point 2): Behind experiment flag, users opt-in
  • Simple approach (point 4): Binary classification (light vs standard) based on tool groups

Future iterations

  • LLM-based fallback when heuristics are insufficient (point 3)
  • Provider-level routing integration (point 3)
  • Multi-provider support (point 5, currently out of scope)
  • More granular heuristics based on request dimensions (point 4)

Feedback and guidance are welcome!


Important

Introduces heuristic-based model routing for cost optimization, adding new settings, UI components, and tests.

  • Behavior:
    • Introduces ModelRouter class in ModelRouter.ts for heuristic-based model routing.
    • Adds modelRouting experiment flag and modelRoutingLightModelId setting in experiment.ts and global-settings.ts.
    • Integrates ModelRouter into Task.ts to dynamically switch models based on tool usage.
  • Settings:
    • Adds UI components for model routing settings in ExperimentalSettings.tsx and ModelRoutingSettings.tsx.
    • Updates SettingsView.tsx to handle new model routing settings.
    • Adds i18n entries for model routing in settings.json.
  • Tests:
    • Adds ModelRouter.spec.ts for testing ModelRouter functionality.
    • Updates experiments.spec.ts to include modelRouting experiment.

This description was created by Ellipsis for 37c8e2a. You can customize this summary. It will automatically update as commits are pushed.

Adds an experimental feature that dynamically routes API calls to a
lighter/cheaper model when the task is in an information-gathering phase.

Addresses Issue #11269 - Choose Model Dynamically Based on Request.

## How it works

- New experiment flag: modelRouting (disabled by default)
- New setting: modelRoutingLightModelId - the cheaper model ID to use
- ModelRouter tracks tool usage per API turn
- If previous turn only used "read" group tools (read_file, list_files,
  search_files, codebase_search), the next API call uses the light model
- Edit, command, browser, and MCP tools always use the primary model
- First turn always uses the primary model

## Changes

- packages/types/src/experiment.ts: Add modelRouting experiment ID
- packages/types/src/global-settings.ts: Add modelRoutingLightModelId
- src/shared/experiments.ts: Add MODEL_ROUTING config
- src/core/task/ModelRouter.ts: New heuristic-based model router
- src/core/task/Task.ts: Integrate ModelRouter into task lifecycle
- src/core/task/__tests__/ModelRouter.spec.ts: 35 tests (all passing)
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roomote bot commented Feb 6, 2026

Rooviewer Clock   See task

The latest commit fixes the empty-response handler restoration and removes the as any cast. One issue remains from the first review: the inner catch stream-failure path still skips primaryApiHandler restoration before continue.

  • Bug: this.api is not restored to the primary handler on the stream failure retry path (inner catch continue at ~line 3334 bypasses restoration at ~line 3609), permanently losing the primary model if the light model stream fails and routing re-triggers on retry (comment)
  • Bug (fixed): this.api was not restored on the empty-response retry path -- now restored unconditionally before the hasTextContent check
  • Nit (fixed): Unnecessary as any cast on EXPERIMENT_IDS.MODEL_ROUTING removed
Previous reviews

Mention @roomote in a comment to request specific changes to this pull request or fix all unresolved issues.

Comment on lines 2900 to 2920
// Model routing: temporarily swap to light model if heuristics say so
let primaryApiHandler: typeof this.api | undefined
{
const routingState = await this.providerRef.deref()?.getState()
if (
ModelRouter.isEnabled(routingState?.experiments, routingState?.modelRoutingLightModelId) &&
this.modelRouter.shouldUseLightModel()
) {
const lightHandler = ModelRouter.buildLightModelHandler(
this.apiConfiguration,
routingState!.modelRoutingLightModelId!,
)
if (lightHandler) {
primaryApiHandler = this.api
this.api = lightHandler
console.log(
`[Task#${this.taskId}] Model routing: using light model "${routingState!.modelRoutingLightModelId}" for this turn`,
)
}
}
}
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Bug: primaryApiHandler is not restored to this.api on two code paths, permanently losing the primary handler for the rest of the task:

  1. Stream failure (catch block, ~line 3280): When the light model's stream throws (rate limit, network error, etc.), the catch block calls continue to retry without restoring this.api. On the next iteration, primaryApiHandler = this.api captures the light handler as "primary", so even a successful retry restores to the wrong handler.
  2. Empty API response (~line 3673): The restoration block at line 3626 is inside if (hasTextContent || hasToolUses). When the API returns no content, the else branch retries without restoring, causing the same permanent loss.

The fix is to move the handler restoration (and endTurn()) into a finally-like position that executes regardless of path -- either a try/finally wrapping the stream + post-processing, or explicit restoration in both the catch block (before continue) and the empty-response else branch.

Fix it with Roo Code or mention @roomote and request a fix.

if (!experimentsConfig || !lightModelId || lightModelId.trim() === "") {
return false
}
return experiments.isEnabled(experimentsConfig, EXPERIMENT_IDS.MODEL_ROUTING as any)
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Nit: EXPERIMENT_IDS.MODEL_ROUTING is already typed as "modelRouting" which satisfies ExperimentId, so the as any cast is unnecessary. It also silences the compiler if MODEL_ROUTING were ever removed or renamed in the experiment IDs, which is exactly the kind of error you'd want caught at build time.

Suggested change
return experiments.isEnabled(experimentsConfig, EXPERIMENT_IDS.MODEL_ROUTING as any)
return experiments.isEnabled(experimentsConfig, EXPERIMENT_IDS.MODEL_ROUTING)

Fix it with Roo Code or mention @roomote and request a fix.

@farazoman
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@roomote can you pleaE explain where and how I would set the light model id on the ui based on the code changes here. Thanks

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roomote bot commented Feb 8, 2026

Fixaroo Clock   See task

Hey @farazoman -- looked through the code changes and here's the situation:

What the PR currently provides in the UI

The experiment toggle will automatically show up in Settings > Experimental tab as a checkbox labeled "Model Routing" (or the raw translation key, since no locale strings were added -- see below). This is because ExperimentalSettings.tsx iterates over experimentConfigsMap and renders a generic ExperimentalFeature toggle for any experiment that doesn't have special-case handling (like Image Generation or Custom Tools do).

What's missing from the UI

There is no input field for modelRoutingLightModelId. The setting is:

  • Defined in the type system (packages/types/src/global-settings.ts)
  • Exposed in the extension state (ClineProvider.ts getState())

But no text input component was added to the webview UI to actually let users enter a light model ID. So currently, there's no way to configure this value through the UI.

Additionally, no translation keys for MODEL_ROUTING exist in the locales/ directory, so the experiment toggle would render raw translation key strings (e.g., settings:experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.name) instead of proper labels.

What would need to be added

To make this fully functional in the UI, you'd need:

  1. Translation keys in locales/en/settings.json (and other locales) for experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.name and experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.description
  2. A dedicated settings component (similar to ImageGenerationSettings.tsx or CustomToolsSettings.tsx) that:
    • Renders the experiment toggle checkbox
    • Shows a text input for modelRoutingLightModelId (conditionally visible when the experiment is enabled)
  3. Wire it up in ExperimentalSettings.tsx with a special-case check for MODEL_ROUTING, like the existing ones for IMAGE_GENERATION and CUSTOM_TOOLS
  4. State binding in SettingsView.tsx to read/write modelRoutingLightModelId from cachedState

Hope that clarifies things!

@farazoman
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Fixaroo Clock   See task

Hey @farazoman -- looked through the code changes and here's the situation:

What the PR currently provides in the UI

The experiment toggle will automatically show up in Settings > Experimental tab as a checkbox labeled "Model Routing" (or the raw translation key, since no locale strings were added -- see below). This is because ExperimentalSettings.tsx iterates over experimentConfigsMap and renders a generic ExperimentalFeature toggle for any experiment that doesn't have special-case handling (like Image Generation or Custom Tools do).

What's missing from the UI

There is no input field for modelRoutingLightModelId. The setting is:

  • Defined in the type system (packages/types/src/global-settings.ts)
  • Exposed in the extension state (ClineProvider.ts getState())

But no text input component was added to the webview UI to actually let users enter a light model ID. So currently, there's no way to configure this value through the UI.

Additionally, no translation keys for MODEL_ROUTING exist in the locales/ directory, so the experiment toggle would render raw translation key strings (e.g., settings:experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.name) instead of proper labels.

What would need to be added

To make this fully functional in the UI, you'd need:

  1. Translation keys in locales/en/settings.json (and other locales) for experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.name and experimental.MODEL_ROUTING.description
  2. A dedicated settings component (similar to ImageGenerationSettings.tsx or CustomToolsSettings.tsx) that:
    • Renders the experiment toggle checkbox
    • Shows a text input for modelRoutingLightModelId (conditionally visible when the experiment is enabled)
  3. Wire it up in ExperimentalSettings.tsx with a special-case check for MODEL_ROUTING, like the existing ones for IMAGE_GENERATION and CUSTOM_TOOLS
  4. State binding in SettingsView.tsx to read/write modelRoutingLightModelId from cachedState

Hope that clarifies things!

@roomote can you add this code you suggested to the active PR. Thanks

@roomote
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roomote bot commented Feb 8, 2026

Fixaroo Clock   See task

Added the model routing UI (translation keys, ModelRoutingSettings component, ExperimentalSettings wiring, SettingsView state binding), fixed the this.api restoration bug on error/retry paths in Task.ts, and removed the unnecessary as any cast in ModelRouter.isEnabled(). All tests and lint/type-check pass.

View commit | Revert commit

- Add translation keys for MODEL_ROUTING in locales/en/settings.json
- Create ModelRoutingSettings component with toggle and light model ID input
- Wire up MODEL_ROUTING special-case in ExperimentalSettings.tsx
- Add modelRoutingLightModelId state binding in SettingsView.tsx
- Fix bug: restore this.api to primary handler on all paths (stream
  failure, empty-response retry, catch) not just the happy path
- Fix nit: remove unnecessary as any cast in ModelRouter.isEnabled()
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